Method for creating power



R. Y. BOVEE METHOD FOR CREATING POWER Nov. 7, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 1Original Filed April 23, 1943 I/vvmv-roe. R NsoM Y. Bovse:

ATTORNE Nov. 7, 1950' R, Y, BOVEE 2,528,813

' us'rnon FOR- CREATING POWER Original Filed April 23, 1943 2Sheets-Sheet 2 JNVENTOR.

Pans OM X Eaves Patented Nov. 7, 1950 V UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE[METHOD.FOR CREATING. POWER "'Bansom'Y. Bovee, Van Nuys', Calif.@Original application April 23, 1943, Serial No. Q 484,201, now PatentNo. 2,421,868, dated June "10, 1947. Divided-and this applicationJanuary 13, 1947, .SerialNo. 721,713

This application is a division of application Serial Number 484,201,filed April '23, 1943, for invention entitled Engine which matured intoPatent Number 2,421,868and which bears an issue -date of June 10,1947.

This invention relates :to an internal combustion engine 'em'ploying'buta-single'means to control the ingress of -fuel and air into a pluralityof abutting cylinders and/or power units, and also plane, :t'hetwo partsbeing separated only by "a single valve platetha't'is common to all thecylin ders. The disc shaped plate valve can operates between two duplexopposed barrel engines and thus is a true monovalve for both engineparts.

-By the duplex and opposing features of the two engine parts, ignitionand complete combustion of ithe'fuel gases is accomplished in a simpleand economical manner, the engine operates in perfect balance, and,therefore, is v-ibrationless; it is substantially'noiseless, thedrag isreduced to a very' low minimum, fire hazard greatly lessened, weight andcosts are very low, and mass production made possible for this type ofengine because of its simplicity and uniformity of like parts.

'Although the engine of this invention may be arranged" forelectricalfiring of the fuel, it is preferable .to construct the engine for highgas compression firing in a manner somewhat similar to the Diesel Engineprinciples.

Any number of power delivery cylinders and gas or air compressioncylinders "may be used in,

the engine of 'this invention; A gas-firing or igniter cylinder ispaired with and connected to each power'delivery cylinder fortransmittal of hot high pressure gases to its respective power deliverycylinder via apassage where a predetermined amount of liquid fuel isentrained anddifiusedin the" ho't firing gasesfl' In the power deliverycylinders, the mixed explosive gas expands and'disposes of substantiallyall its energy 3 Claims. Cl. 123-33) discs, the discs having their'hubsfirmly fixed to the main drive shaft. This arrangement permits a largenumber of long power thrusts to the main drive shaft in perfect balanceand assures a long dependable service for all working parts.

Each engine half or section may have any num-' ber of paired powerdelivery and gas compression cylinders, which when abutted with the likecylinders of the other half of the engine form" a unitary power deliveryengine with a single'in between rotary valve, all the cylinders andvalve' pistons of the" cylinders may substantially abut against thesides of the single valve plate which makes :possible completescavenging of burnt gases and full power strokes, perfect balance ofpower thrusts, and reduce much friction and wear.

Some of the objects of this invention are as follows:

1. To present a method which causes a duplex engine to be balanced onopposite sides of :a'

single rotary control valve arrangement, the

method being very efficient in operation, the.

enginesimple in construction, and economicalto. manufacture.

2. To provide a super-engine method capable of burning unrefined fuelsand having means of transforming crudepetroleum or liquid base fuels.into instantaneous combustive action by inherent engine block meanswithout the aid of carburetors, preheaters, .atomizers .or ignitiondevices.

3. To provide a method capable of expanding the products of combustioninthe development of power to the maximum extent of their useful powervalue.

4. To ,provide an internal combustion engine which operates under amethod in which the expansive effort of the explosions is consumed inthe power thrust, andsubstantially to a point where the exhaustpressurewhen released is substantially noiseless, heatless, fiameless andpressureless.

5. To ,provide an .internal combustion engine method in which steps 'mixair and fuel after top dead .center of the working pistons, whichprevents and obviates explosive efi'ort from back-,

thrustingcontra to the running direction of the engine which consumespower, causes for heat- 7. To provide an internal combustion engine};method including automatic means ofcompression ignition inherent to themeans and method of pre-compression of air, and fuel introduction;

.. pendent cylinder for expansion and delivery of power.

8. To provide an internal combustion engine thereinto and thentransference to an indemethod by which pre-compression of air tofuelcombustion temperature enables the fuel to be introduced into theair-stream while in transition from one cylinder to another, producingcy-; clonic turbulence and fuel atomization to a pointi ofnear-infinity, rendering the fuel and the air into a homogenized flaminggas, thereby insuring complete combustion, and combustion after top;

dead center on the outward working stroke of the power delivery piston.I V r 9; To provide a method for monovalve engines whereby four-strokefunctions occur in. twostrokes without blowers or scavenging devices,

whereby a single valve means admits air induction, air-compression,compressed air transference,- fuel introduction in a manner to'cause100% fuel diifusion, atomization to near-infinity, inflammation andcombustion from air pre-compressed high temperatures;- and a powerstroke" extending from the topof the powerc-cylindertothe; bottombeforeexhausting the products of V combustion, all in two cyclesofoperation,-utilizing up to 75 degrees more thrust'than prevails incommonpractice.- 3 y; 1

10. To provide a monovalve engine method which enables compoundexpansion of the explosions and expanding gases to nearly theiratmospheric pressure limits before being exhausted, in

which the explosions are expanded to nearly two andtwo-thirds greaterdisplacementrbefore being exhausted than occursin prevailing engines.

11. To provide a method .where a relatively small displacement can beexpanded into-a larger displacement to obtain a full-delivery of expannsive explosive eifort in working piston thrust before exhaust. l a 7Other objects, advantages andfeatures of my invention will appear fromthe accompanyingdrawings. the subjoineddetailed description,-the

preamble of these specifications and the appendedclaimsv .Applicant isabout to illustrate anddescribe oneof the forms inwhich hismethodscanbepracticed, and submits a detailed description. -It

Figure 3 is a. sectional View taken'substantially alongthe l ne 3-3 ofFig. 2.

f'The engine illustrated in the drawing and which comes within thepurview of this invention, has a pair of abutting outer cylindricalcasings or shells l and I, the farends of which are flanged to provideannular surfaces to accom- 5 modate the end disc-like sealing plates 2and 3. The end plates are removable and may be held tightly against theends of the shell by any suitable means such as bolts'and' the like.Each end plate is provided' with a-b earing to centrally and rotatablysupport a hollow shaft 4 with its ends Fopen as shown. The twocylindrical shells at their. abutting ends have the annular flanges 5and 6 which are" bolted together after first placing betweenthem anannular spacer ring I which provides a shallow annular or ring-like area8 to accommodate a rotatable mono-valve or rotary disc-shaped valveplate 9. This valve plate divides the engine and provides the two enginechambers l0 and H. Each engine portion I and I are provided with waterchannels I" and 1" respectively, which surround their respectivecylinders-to be later explained. l I

- The valve plate has a centralcircular opening which is journalled-onto the outer surface: of the collar of a bevelled;gear 12, thebevelled'gear" be-1 ing journalled to theother "surface of the maindrive shaft d, To a central portion of the valve plate surrounding theopening thereof isfixed the flange of a ring gear l3-which meshes withplained in detail in the- Patent No. 2,421,868.

referred to above,

The discgshaped plate 9 is a rotary engine head or partition between: a'plurality of power compressor cylinders in the chambers. I0 and H.

All the power delivery-cylinders in chamber I01 are indicatedbythenumeral Myandthe'similar abutting power delivery; cylinders ofchambervll are indicated by {5. The compressor cylinders;

in chamber l 0'- are;in di9ated 'by 16, and the similar abuttingcompressor cylinders of chamber l-l are indicated by -IL; The powerdelivery and compressor cylinders "all have the usual internal 5:combustion engine type pistons IBand l9 respectively, all ofwhichareprovided with a thread ed bore into each ofwhich is threaded anend of a rigid piston rod 20.

Attached to the outer ends of thepiston rods I 930 are the cross headsor slide connector units 2| coupled to their respective piston" rodsby'ra.

threaded and tapered-offset extension-22which is split axially thereofso that when the nut 23 is screwed thereon,--the-extension is squeezedto a smaller compass to snugly grasp the piston rod.

"The very end of the piston rod is screwed to the inner portion oftheextension at 24 in order to be rigidly and firmlyheld thereto. Meansis combined with each connector unit to slidesmoothly around the outermargin of a slant-rim rotor ""or wobble type crank which vacillates whenthe drive shaft 4 is rotated;- one of these wobble cranks is designated25 and the other 26.

The rotatableshiftable valve plate 9 has six, 6.; evenly spaced transferports or openings'ZI which make connections between the neighboringcompressor cylinders and power delivery cy-linders,

[6-H and I l-15 respectively. As explained in the patent, means areprovided for admitting air to the compressor cylinders and meansprovided for periodically exhausting the burned gases from the powercylinders.

make the properly timed connections for admit means for slowly turningit and which is ex-- delivery cylinder- ;ingchambers Ill and II and;also between aplurality'; of .gas heating. 'onair-r v I The valve plateis, uniformly shifted by the drive shaft so as to;

fonexhaustirrg the burnt :gases. .A .-rail- .or-itub.e .meansis used forconducting high pressurefurl-to the various nozzle'communicationqpassages .29. The ,--passag e 29 opens to the valvechamber fifi wherein is the fuel control valve 3| which injects the fuelinto the passage 29.

, .Eachpassage 2 9 leads to .a fuel-ijet or injection nozzle or the like32 which sprays the fuel into the communicatingtransfer slot or port -21of the-disc-like valve plate 9; and from this slot or. port, the fueloil along with'the hot firing gas or air.'fromthe compressor cylindersare forced by their own pressure into the power delivery cylinders. Fulland complete expansion occurs inaeaoh power delivery cylinder until theend of the strokes of the pistons.

Operation and methods'involved The fuel passes through the admissionvalve 3l,:passages 29 and through injection jetsJSZ'intO the monovalvehigh compression-transferports 2? which in progressive sequence admitfuel into the compression heated air streams being forced through thetransfer ports by *the air compression cylinders l5 and ii, and thenceinto'the-explosion cylinders or power delivery cylinders M and I5. Thepre-compression temperatures from compressor cylinders 16 and i7 exceed1000 degrees of temperature, and approach a mile a second speed intransit from cylinders i6 and i! through transfer ports 44 and intoexplosion cylinders M and [5; thus, exploding the homogenized fuel andair mixture against pistons H! which, and their cylinders I4i5, aresealed by valve 53 after charging with the explosive mixture from theports 44. Expansion from the explosions drives pistons IS in cylindersI4 and [5 outward from each other resulting in power thrust against ballsocketed thrust slippers which ride the marginal surfaces, front andrear, of wobble crank discs and 26 producing rotation thereof and thedriveshaft 4.

The modus of functional operation permitting the adaptation of thesingle monovalve to this type of an engine is based upon the combiningof four-cycle functions in two-cycles of functional operation,adaptation of balanced or equal opposition of opposing forces againstthe monovalve, the creating of a four cylinder coactional opposed groupor set of cylinders which through duplex-opposition astride acylinder-head valve, the cylinders being set in large then small tandemfashion so that each engine side has five 'sets of cylinders which areopposed by a like cylinder arrangement in the other side of the engine,thus making possible by two-stroke operation the adaptation of a commonexhaust and intake port in the valve to serve both exhaust and intakefunctions from one cylinder to the other in a revolution of the engineand the piston movement. Also permitting the adaptation of a single airtransfer port between the opposition pairs of large and small cylindersto act in timed sequence to commence the transfer of air from the twoopposed air compressor cylinders 16 and I1 respectively to the twolarger explosion cylinders l4 and !5 after the end dead center meetingof the explosion cylinder pistons I9 on either side of the valve 9, andthen cutting off the communication therebetween when the smaller pistonsI8 meet as their reversal movement begins. Thus, a four-cylinder opposedco-actional set with an accompanying valve is created, within aroundwhich ;the cylinders :are set in opposition; There :beingxroom for bothvalve movement-and high "compression ratios adequate :forcompressionignitioninacircle foramaximum of fivesets of cylinders, eachset from one to five being a complete engine in itself not dependent.upon any of the'other four sets to function. Each set is preferablysegmented into '72 degrees of the circle of 360 degrees, which enable alag or drag action of'the pistons l8 of 31 degrees to approximately 33/2 degrees after the explosion pistons IQ/have reached top-dead-centerwhichrespectiveactionsprovide the necessary compression ratio in thecompression cyinders l6 and I! to automatically explode or burn theitransitionall-y injected fuel and air driven into and between theout-acting power-"pistons l9. Thus, -the'valve action 9 becomes in ratioof speed and revolutions, one-sixth thatof the drive shaft 4, hav ingsix'60 degree spaced port sets comprising a transfer port or passage,21, an intake-exhaust passage and a cam groove and cam or plungerdepressor to each of the valve portsets. To produce a compressionignition ratio, again the strokes of the pistons should be equalto twicethe diameter of the bore or more, and the motion of piston reciprocationuniform and harmonic, thus the approximately two and one-third times thebore length of stroke or thereabouts is again an essential factor in theoperation of the monovalve engine principle in obtaining compressionignition pressures, and transferring them in relative movement toadvance-set combustion cylinders. By the foregoing arrangement andprinciple of operation, the air volume entering through inlet ports andpassing through valve ports, and into compression cylinders I6ll iscompressed therein and transferred through valve port 2'! into explosioncylinders l4|5 of each respective set; the fuel being injected throughthe jet of each respective set into the valve transfer port 21, theshearing off of the fuel at jet 32 into the air-stream under 1000degrees of compression heat, and at nearly a mile a second velocitycombined with cyclonic turbulence as the fuel and air split against thetransferport end to equally fill the retreating displacement of theoutgoing power pistons E9. The combustion takes place from the fueltransformation taking place sheared to near infinity off the fuel jetsand blasted into the power cylinders in a state of flame. Thus, there isno usual process of flame propagation, as instantaneous transformationof fuel under high temperatures produces combustion but little beyondthe period of transfer and injection, expanding in the greaterdisplacement explosion cylinder to more than one and six-tenths thevolume of its intake displacement instead of six-tenths its intakevolume as applies in present engines before the exhaust valve opens.Thus, the duplex-opposed four-cylinder monovalve set-unit of co-actingoperation enables compound-expansion of the combustion in the powerdelivery cylinders l4-l 5 to nearly atmospheric pressure before beingexhausted out through suitable ports. The power pistons l9 meetingagainst the valve 9 in exhausting the burned residual gases, providesfull scavenging, with a substantially noiseless exhaust. Theintroduction of fuel into the transferring airstream, obviates mixingdevices, atomizers, carburetors, or preheaters, eliminates compressionspaces, ignition devices, blowers or scavenging devices, preventspre-ignition, back-thrust or the possibility of detonation, and enablesany type of fuel to be employed from crude oil to volatile tlevalve or.change of fuel pressure regulator valve. in the fuel pump. The intakeair volume at low altitudes remaining constant,.the throttle valve, byincreasing or lessening the volume of fuel admitted to the fuel ring 28,governs the speed and power of the engine, the engine being stopped byclosing the fuel throttle. The fuel pump volume capacity exceeding themaximum fuel requirements, the excess fuel is by-passed by fuel pressureregulator valve into a reduced pressure take off chamber leading to thestarter pressure. tank, the reduced pressure for starter tank chargingbeing controlled by starter pressure regulator valve and a tank chargingoutlet, the overflow being by-passed into a passage leadingback into thefuel pump intake.

-Having thus described one way in which the methods of my invention canbepracticed, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by LettersPatent is:

1. The method of providing power thrusts in opposite directions withrespect to a, common separator; the step of creating a fuel burning gasat fuel ignition temperature and passing it into T intimate crosswiserelationship with a 'stram of "fuel, and-then passing the-mixed fuel andgas into a pair of chambers where the mixed fuel and gas is expanded inopposite directions deliver power.

2. The method recited in claim 1 wherein the fuel stream is atomized asit contacts the high temperatured gas.

3. The method recited in claim 1 wherein th 10 fuel stream is atomizedand swept away by the high temperatured gas at extremely high velocity;

RANSOM'Y. BOVEE.

REFERENCES CITED I 15 The following references are of record in the fileof this patent: I

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 20 1,167,376 Bouteille Jan. 11,1916 1,305,579 Wolfard June 3, 1919 1,904,070 Morgan Apr. 18, 19332,046,003 Scott June 30, 1936 2,122,785 Tinker et a1 July 5, 1938 252,421,868 Bovee June 10, 1947

